Acute Rejection of Transplanted Liver
Supplemental Studies
Studies are mostly of use to rule out other processes
- Viral infection
- CMV
- Characteristic nuclear and cytoplasmic inclusions
- May be in any cell type
- Adenovirus
- Smudgy nuclei with inclusions
- Present in hepatocytes
- Herpes simplex
- Intranuclear inclusions in hepatocytes
- Fungus
- Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD)
- CD20 to identify increased large B cells
- EBV in situ hybridization
- Chronic rejection
- Anti-keratin stain to evaluate ductopenia
- CK7 is best, AE1 also useful, because of low background activity against hepatocytes
