Superficial Angiomyxoma
Differential Diagnosis
- Aggressive angiomyxoma
- Angiomyofibroblastoma
- Cellular angiofibroma
- Superficial myofibroblastoma
- Cutaneous mucinosis
- Myxoid neurofibroma
- Neurothekeoma
- Superficial acral fibromyxoma
Superficial angiomyxoma may be located in the perineum and external genitalia and thus confused with the first four lesions below.
| Superficial Angiomyxoma | Aggressive Angiomyxoma |
|---|---|
| Usually <5 cm | Nearly always >5 cm |
| Superficial | Deep seated |
| Long thin walled vessels | Medium to large thick walled vessels |
| Desmin negative | Desmin positive |
| Stromal neutrophils | No stromal neutrophils |
| Superficial Angiomyxoma | Angiomyofibroblastoma |
|---|---|
| Long thin walled vessels | Numerous capillaries and venules |
| Desmin negative | Desmin positive |
| Stromal neutrophils | No stromal neutrophils |
| Superficial Angiomyxoma | Cellular Angiofibroma |
|---|---|
| Long thin walled vessels | Hyalinized round vessels |
| Stromal neutrophils | Usually stromal lymphocytes |
| Superficial Angiomyxoma | Superficial Myofibroblastoma |
|---|---|
| Mean age 20 years for perineal lesions | Most 40-70's |
| Long thin walled vessels | Inconspicuous vessels |
| Desmin, ER, PR negative | Desmin, ER, PR positive |
| S100 variable | S100 negative |
| Stromal neutrophils | No stromal neutrophils |
| Frequently multinodular | Single nodule |
| Frequently involves subcutis | Superficial |
| Paucicellular | Cellular areas |
| Focal Cutaneous Mucinosis | Superficial Angiomyxoma |
|---|---|
| Poorly circumscribed | Circumscribed |
| Few blood vessels | Prominent vascular component |
| Neutrophils uncommon | Neutrophils common |
| Epithelial component rare | Frequent epithelial component |
| Myxoid Neurofibroma | Superfical Angiomyxoma |
|---|---|
| Poorly circumscribed | Circumscribed |
| Uniformly S100 positive | S100 variable |
| Intralesional axons | No intralesoinal nerve |
| No epithelial component | May have epithelial component |
| Neurothekeoma | Superfical Angiomyxoma |
|---|---|
| Vessels not prominent | Prominent vessels |
| S100 negative | S100 variable |
| Neutrophils infrequent | Frequent neutrophils |
| No epithelial component | May have epithelial component |
| May contain nerve twigs | No intralesional nerve fibers |
| Frequent epithelioid component | Lacks epithelioid component |
| Superficial Acral Fibromyxoma | Superficial Angiomyxoma |
|---|---|
| Neutrophils uncommon | Neutrophils common |
| Epithelial component rare | Frequent epithelial component |
| Prominent fibrous component mixed/alternating with moderately cellular myxoid areas | Predominant hypocellular myxoid component, frequently in pools |
| EMA variably positive | EMA negative |
