Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia (CMML)
Clinical
- Median age 65-75
- Increased blasts (CMML-2) associated with increased risk of transformation to AML and poorer prognosis
- High risk cytogenetics (chromosome 7 abnormalities and complex karyotypes) correlate with poor survival
- "Myeloproliferative variant" (WBC > 13 x
103/μL) has poorer survival than "myelodysplastic variant" (WBC < 13 x
103/μL)
- Not clear if this is independent of blast count and cytogenetic predictors
- Understanding of prognostic significance of molecular alterations is rapidly evolving
- RAS and RUNX1 mutations likely are poor prognosis factors
