Carcinoid / Well Differentiated Endocrine Neoplasm of the Ileum, Distal Jejunum and Cecum
Grading / Staging
- Histopathologic features are predictive of behavior
- Benign
- Non-functioning
- Well differentiated
- ≤1 cm in greatest dimension
- Confined to mucosa and submucosa
- No involvement of muscularis propria
- No vascular invasion
- Uncertain malignant behavior
- As for benign, but with:
- >1 but ≤2 cm in greatest dimension and/or
- Vascular invasion
- Low grade malignant
- Non-functioning and well differentiated, with
- Invasion of muscularis propria or beyond and/or
- Metastasis and/or
- >2 cm in greatest dimension (not uniformly accepted)
- OR, functioning and well differentiated
- Poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma is covered separately
- AJCC TNM 7th edition now includes carcinoids of the ileum
